Secure ingresses

To secure unwanted access (for example, on /magnolia/.admincentral or similar) and to avoid crawlers accessing unpublished content, it’s usually a good idea to work with IP Whitelisting on Ingress-Nginx and Robots-Tags (such as X-Robots-Tag:noindex, nofollow).

Instructions

  1. First ensure you are connected to your Magnolia PaaS Kubernetes Cluster using the correct kubeconfig.

  2. Create an HTPASSWD file.

    # Create HTPASSWD File
$ htpasswd -c auth myadmin
New password:
Re-type new password:
Adding password for user myadmin

  3. Convert to a Kubernetes secret.

    $ kubectl create -n dev secret generic basic-auth --from-file=auth
secret/basic-auth created

  4. Annotate on the ingress and add whitelisting.

    $ kubectl edit -n prod ingress myingress

  5. Create the annotation template to update the ingress.

    $  k annotate -n dev ingress --overwrite=true dev-magnolia-helm \
nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/auth-realm="PLEASE LOGIN:" \
nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/auth-secret=basic-auth \
nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/auth-type=basic \
nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/configuration-snippet='more_set_headers "X-Robots-Tag: noindex, nofollow";' \  (1)
nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/whitelist-source-range="37.120.189.19/32,2a03:4000:6:b665::46/128,23.235.32.0/20,43.249.72.0/22,103.244.50.0/24,103.245.222.0/23,103.245.224.0/24,104.156.80.0/20,140.248.64.0/18,140.248.128.0/17,146.75.0.0/17,151.101.0.0/16,157.52.64.0/18,167.82.0.0/17,167.82.128.0/20,167.82.160.0/20,167.82.224.0/20,172.111.64.0/18,185.31.16.0/22,199.27.72.0/21,199.232.0.0/16" \           (2)
    1 Set the robot tags for crawler information. Only use the `configuration-snippet` exactly as instructed. Otherwise, you may cause issues with your PaaS deployment.
    2 Set the IP whitelisting for IPv4/v6 IPs and Subnets. To test before deployment, you can leave this out during a dry run (Subnets—​dry-run=client).

    The following IPs must be whitelisted for Fastly to work properly. The example above includes these IPs, so feel free to copy those.

    23.235.32.0/20,43.249.72.0/22,103.244.50.0/24,103.245.222.0/23,103.245.224.0/24,104.156.80.0/20,140.248.64.0/18,140.248.128.0/17,146.75.0.0/17,151.101.0.0/16,157.52.64.0/18,167.82.0.0/17,167.82.128.0/20,167.82.160.0/20,167.82.224.0/20,172.111.64.0/18,185.31.16.0/22,199.27.72.0/21,199.232.0.0/16

  6. Run a remote --dry-run=client if fine and apply it.

    $ k get ingress -n dev dev-magnolia-helm -o yaml
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  annotations:
    cert-manager.io/cluster-issuer: letsencrypt-prod
    field.cattle.io/publicEndpoints: '[{"addresses":["20.71.0.152"],"port":443,"protocol":"HTTPS","serviceName":"dev:dev-magnolia-helm-public-svc","ingressName":"dev:dev-magnolia-helm","hostname":"dev.azurepaas.magnolia-platform.com","path":"/","allNodes":false},{"addresses":["20.71.0.152"],"port":443,"protocol":"HTTPS","serviceName":"dev:dev-magnolia-helm-author-svc","ingressName":"dev:dev-magnolia-helm","hostname":"dev.azurepaas.magnolia-platform.com","path":"/author","allNodes":false}]'
    kubernetes.io/ingress.class: nginx
    meta.helm.sh/release-name: dev
    meta.helm.sh/release-namespace: dev
    nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/auth-realm: 'PLEASE LOGIN:'
    nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/auth-secret: basic-auth
    nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/auth-type: basic
    nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/configuration-snippet: 'more_set_headers "X-Robots-Tag: noindex, nofollow";' (1)
    nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/proxy-body-size: 512m
    nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/whitelist-source-range="37.120.189.19/32,2a03:4000:6:b665::46/128,23.235.32.0/20,43.249.72.0/22,103.244.50.0/24,103.245.222.0/23,103.245.224.0/24,104.156.80.0/20,140.248.64.0/18,140.248.128.0/17,146.75.0.0/17,151.101.0.0/16,157.52.64.0/18,167.82.0.0/17,167.82.128.0/20,167.82.160.0/20,167.82.224.0/20,172.111.64.0/18,185.31.16.0/22,199.27.72.0/21,199.232.0.0/16"
...
    1 Only use the `configuration-snippet` exactly as instructed. Otherwise, you may cause issues with your PaaS deployment.

Test Basic Auth and Whitelisting

  1. Run the following command:

    $ curl ifconfig.me
87.123.205.103%

$ curl https://dev.azurepaas.magnolia-platform.com
<html>
<head><title>403 Forbidden</title></head>
<body>
<center><h1>403 Forbidden</h1></center>
<hr><center>nginx</center>
</body>
</html>

Require authentication from permitted IP range

  1. Run the following command:

    $ curl ifconfig.me
37.120.189.19%

$ curl https://dev.azurepaas.magnolia-platform.com
<html>
<head><title>401 Authorization Required</title></head>
<body>
<center><h1>401 Authorization Required</h1></center>
<hr><center>nginx</center>
</body>
</html>

  2. Authenticate via Basic Auth using your stored credentials:

    $ curl https://dev.azurepaas.magnolia-platform.com -u myadmin:myadmin

    Verbose output

    $ curl -v https://dev.azurepaas.magnolia-platform.com -H 'Host: dev.azurepaas.magnolia-platform.com' -u myadmin:myadmin
*   Trying 20.71.0.152:443...
* Connected to dev.azurepaas.magnolia-platform.com (20.71.0.152) port 443 (#0)
* ALPN: offers h2
* ALPN: offers http/1.1
*  CAfile: /etc/ssl/cert.pem
*  CApath: none
* (304) (OUT), TLS handshake, Client hello (1):
* (304) (IN), TLS handshake, Server hello (2):
* (304) (IN), TLS handshake, Unknown (8):
* (304) (IN), TLS handshake, Certificate (11):
* (304) (IN), TLS handshake, CERT verify (15):
* (304) (IN), TLS handshake, Finished (20):
* (304) (OUT), TLS handshake, Finished (20):
* SSL connection using TLSv1.3 / AEAD-AES256-GCM-SHA384
* ALPN: server accepted h2
* Server certificate:
*  subject: CN=dev.azurepaas.magnolia-platform.com
*  start date: Oct 26 12:57:00 2022 GMT
*  expire date: Jan 24 12:56:59 2023 GMT
*  subjectAltName: host "dev.azurepaas.magnolia-platform.com" matched cert's "dev.azurepaas.magnolia-platform.com"
*  issuer: C=US; O=Let's Encrypt; CN=R3
*  SSL certificate verify ok.
* Using HTTP2, server supports multiplexing
* Copying HTTP/2 data in stream buffer to connection buffer after upgrade: len=0
* Server auth using Basic with user 'myadmin'
* h2h3 [:method: GET]
* h2h3 [:path: /]
* h2h3 [:scheme: https]
* h2h3 [:authority: dev.azurepaas.magnolia-platform.com]
* h2h3 [authorization: Basic bXlhZG1pbjpteWFkbWlu]
* h2h3 [user-agent: curl/7.84.0]
* h2h3 [accept: */*]
* Using Stream ID: 1 (easy handle 0x156811400)
> GET / HTTP/2
> Host: dev.azurepaas.magnolia-platform.com
> authorization: Basic bXlhZG1pbjpteWFkbWlu                             # Basic Auth active!
> user-agent: curl/7.84.0
> accept: */*
>
* Connection state changed (MAX_CONCURRENT_STREAMS == 128)!
< HTTP/2 302
< date: Thu, 01 Dec 2022 08:47:20 GMT
< content-length: 0
< set-cookie: JSESSIONID=E70616BACA0156F20E6A54A445181E59; Path=/; Secure; HttpOnly
< set-cookie: csrf=55JCyz9SNh5mdE7Ke7k1cgkBX9e6huRpCUyj47GPjzM
< x-magnolia-registration: Registered
< location: /travel.html;jsessionid=E70616BACA0156F20E6A54A445181E59
< strict-transport-security: max-age=15724800; includeSubDomains
< x-robots-tag: noindex, nofollow (1)
<
* Connection #0 to host dev.azurepaas.magnolia-platform.com left intact
    1 x-robots-tags are set and delivered.

    Verify the Output for x-robots-tag: noindex, nofollow.
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